UNIX Tutorial Summary

`ls`	list files and directories
`ls -a`	list all files and directories
`mkdir`	make a directory
`cd directory`	change to named directory
`cd`	change to home-directory
`cd ~`	change to home-directory
`cd ..`	change to parent directory
`pwd`	display the path of the current directory
`cp file1 file2`	copy file1 and call it file2
`mv file1 file2`	move or rename file1 to file2
`rm file`	remove a file
`rmdir directory`	remove a directory
`cat file`	display a file
`more file`	display a file a page at a time
`head file`	display the first few lines of a file
`tail file`	display the last few lines of a file
`grep 'keyword' file`	search a file for keywords
`wc file`	count number of lines/words/characters in file
`command > file`	redirect standard output to a file
`command >> file`	append standard output to a file
`command < file`	redirect standard input from a file
`command1 \| command2`	pipe the output of command1 to the input of command2
`cat file1 file2 > file0`	concatenate file1 and file2 to file0
`sort`	sort data
`who`	list users currently logged in
`a2ps -Pprinter textfile`	print text file to named printer
`lpr -Pprinter psfile`	print postscript file to named printer
`*`	match any number of characters
`?`	match one character
`man command`	read the online manual page for a command
`whatis command`	brief description of a command
`apropos keyword`	match commands with keyword in their man pages
`command &`	run `command` in the background
`emacs file`	open a window to edit the text of `file`
`#/bin/tcsh`	first line of a script that initializes the type of shell to be tcsh
`# text`	allows `text` to just be a comment and not be treated as a command
`set variable=information`	set a shell `variable` to an integer or string of information
`chmod +x file`	make the named file executable
`chmod [options] file`	more generally, change access rights for named file
`awk options program variables file`	awk command syntax for processing text files
`pattern { action }`	format for an awk program `text`
`/text/`	awk program to find lines that match `text`
`print text`	awk command to output `text`
`NR`	awk variable that stores the line number
`$number`	awk character to identify column `number` of a text file
`;`	character to separate commands within an awk program
`sin(angle)`	awk command to calculate sine of `angle` in radians
`cos(angle)`	awk command to calculate cosine of `angle` in radians
`atan2(y,x)`	awk command to calculate arctangent of `y`/`x`
`command >! file`	send output of `command` to `file` and overwrite `file` if it exists
`psxy filename(s) options > psfile`	make an postscript X-Y plot from `filename`
`-J(plot-type)(X-axis-size)/(Y-axis-size)`	psxy option for plot size and shape
`-R(Xstart)/(Xend)/(Ystart)/(Yend)`	psxy option for range of values
`-B(X-axis-border)/(Y-axis-border)(which-borders)`	psxy option for axis borders
`-S(symbol-type)(symbol-size)`	psxy option for symbol type
`-M`	psxy option for plotting multiple line segments
`pstext filename(s) options > psfile`	add text to a postscript plot from `filename`
`-K`	GMT option for specifying more commands will add to the output file
`-O`	GMT option for specifying output should be Overlayed on top of previous output